Nūhou - ʻAila Pipe: Nā Mea Hana, Pono, a me nā Nui Maʻamau

Ma ka ʻoihana ʻaila nui,ʻAila ʻO nā paipu kila he kuleana koʻikoʻi, e lawelawe ana ma ke ʻano he mea lawe kī i ka lawe ʻana i ka aila a me ke kinoea maoli mai lalo o ka ʻili ʻana i nā mea hoʻohana hope. Mai ka hana ʻana i ka ʻaila a me ke kinoea a hiki i ka lawe ʻana i ka pipeline lōʻihi, nā ʻano like ʻoleʻAila paipu kila, me kā lākou mau mea kūikawā a me nā waiwai, e hōʻoia i ka hana palekana a me ka maikaʻi o ke kaulahaoʻoihana holoʻokoʻa. E kālele ana kēia ʻatikala i ka paipu kila kalapona, paipu kila maʻemaʻe, a me ka paipu kila API 5L (paipu kila e kū ana i nā kūlana API 5L), me nā hiʻohiʻona maʻamau e like me API 5L X70 paipu, API 5L X60 paipu, a me API 5L X52 paipu, e hāʻawi ana i kahi kikoʻī kikoʻī i nā mea waiwai, nā waiwai, a me nā nui maʻamau oʻAila paipu kila.

API 5L Pipe He Paipu Koʻikoʻi no ka lawe ʻana i ka ikehu

Nānā Mea

1. Paipu kila kalapona

ʻO ka paipu kila kalapona kekahi o nā mea maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia noʻAila paipu kila. Hoʻokumu mua ʻia ia me ka hao a me ke kalapona, me ka liʻiliʻi o ka manganese, silika, sulfur, a me ka phosphorus. Hoʻoholo ka ʻike kalapona i ka ikaika a me ka paʻakikī o ke kila. Ma ka ʻōlelo maʻamau, hoʻonui ka ʻike kalapona kiʻekiʻe i ka ikaika kila, akā e emi ana ka paʻakikī a me ka weldability. Ma ka ʻoihana ʻaila, hāʻawi ka paipu kila kalapona i ka hana holoʻokoʻa maikaʻi loa. ʻAʻole ia wale nō ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe e kūʻē i nā kaomi o ka lawe ʻana i ka aila a me ke kinoea, akā loaʻa pū kekahi ʻano o ka paʻakikī e hoʻololi i nā kaiapuni honua paʻakikī. Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka paipu kila kalapona a hāʻawi i kahi kumukūʻai kiʻekiʻe, e hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā paipu aila a me ke kinoea.

2. API 5L Steel Pipe Series Materials

Hana ʻia ʻo API 5L Steel Pipe e like me ka API 5L maʻamau i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka American Petroleum Institute (API) a hoʻohana mua ʻia no nā paipu aila a me nā kinoea. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia moʻo paipu kila i nā māka like ʻole e pili ana i ka ikaika o ke kila, e like me X52, X60, a me X70. No ka laʻana, hana ʻia ʻo API 5L X52 Pipe me ke kila haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ikaika kiʻekiʻe. Ma waho aʻe o nā mea maʻamau e like me ke kalapona a me ka hao, aia pū kekahi i nā mea hoʻohui e like me ka niobium, vanadium, a me ka titanium. ʻO ka hoʻohui ʻana o kēia mau mea hoʻohuihui e hoʻonui nui i ka ikaika a me ka paʻakikī o ke kila, ʻoiai e hoʻomaikaʻi ana i kona weldability a me ka pale ʻana i ka corrosion. ʻO ka mea o Api 5l X60 Pipe a me Api 5l X70 Pipe ua hoʻonui hou ʻia ma muli o kēia kumu. Ma ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka ratio o ka alloying element a me ke kaʻina mālama wela, ua hoʻonui hou ʻia ka ikaika o ke kila a me ka hana holoʻokoʻa, e hiki ai ke hoʻokō i nā koi o ka lawe ʻana i ka aila a me ke kinoea ma lalo o nā kaomi kiʻekiʻe a me nā kūlana hana paʻakikī.

3. Paipu kila ʻole

Hana ʻia ka paipu kila seamless ma o nā kaʻina hana e like me ka perforation a me ka ʻōwili paipu. Ua like loa kona mau mea me ka paipu kila kalapona i oleloia a me ka paipu kila Api 5l series, aka, o ke ano okoa o kona ka'ina hana, haawi ia i na mea pono. ʻAʻohe welds o ka paipu kila maʻemaʻe ma kona pā, e hopena i ka hoʻolālā holoʻokoʻa like a me ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe. Hiki iā ia ke pale i nā pilikia kiʻekiʻe a me nā kūlana kaiapuni ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī. No laila, hoʻohana maʻamau ia i ka ʻoihana ʻaila no nā noi e koi ana i ka hana kiʻekiʻe, e like me ka ʻaila kiʻekiʻe a me nā pipeline gas a me nā poʻo.

Na waiwai a me na ano

1. Ka ikaika

He waiwai koʻikoʻi ka ikaika o nā paipu aila, e pili pono ana i ko lākou palekana i ka wā e lawe ai i ka aila a me ke kinoea. Hōʻike ʻia ka pae ikaika o nā paipu kila API 5l series e kahi helu ma hope o ka "X." No ka laʻana, hōʻike ʻo X52 i ka ikaika haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa o 52 ksi (kilo paona i kēlā me kēia ʻīniha square), e like me ka 360 MPa i nā megapascals; Loaʻa iā X60 ka ikaika hua liʻiliʻi o 60 ksi (ma kahi o 414 MPa); a he 70 ksi ka ikaika loa o ka X70 (ma kahi o 483 MPa). E like me ka piʻi ʻana o ka ikaika, hiki i ka paipu ke kū i ka piʻi ʻana e like me ia, e kūpono ana i nā paipu aila a me ke kinoea me nā ʻano koi koi. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka paipu kila maʻemaʻe, ma muli o kona ʻano like ʻole a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i ka ikaika paʻa, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi i ka wā e kū ai i nā kaomi kiʻekiʻe.

2. Ke kū'ē i ka corrosion

Loaʻa paha i ka lawe ʻana i ka aila a me ke kinoea kūlohelohe e like me ka hydrogen sulfide a me carbon dioxide, no laila pono e loaʻa i nā paipu aila kekahi pae o ka pale ʻana. Hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi ʻia kona kūpaʻa ʻino ʻana ma o ka hoʻohui ʻana i nā mea hoʻohuihui (e like me ka chromium a me ka molybdenum i ka moʻo Api 5l) a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau anti-corrosion ma luna (e like me ka uhi a me ka plating). Ma o ka hoʻolālā a me ka hana ʻana i nā mea kūpono, ʻo Api 5l X70 Pipe, X60 Pipe, a me X52 Pipe, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, e mālama i ke ola lawelawe lōʻihi ma nā wahi corrosive.

3. Weldability

I ka hana ʻana o ka pipeline aila, pono e hoʻopili ʻia nā paipu kila e ka wili, e hana ana i ka weldability i mea koʻikoʻi o ka paipu kila pipeline. Hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia ʻo Api 5l series steel pipe no ka weldability maikaʻi loa, e hōʻoia ana i ka ikaika a me ka paʻa o nā hui welded. Hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia nā welds kiʻekiʻe me ka paipu kila kalapona a me ka paipu kila maʻemaʻe me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻenehana wili kūpono.

E aʻo hou e pili ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pahu aila, nā ʻokoʻa mai nā paipu API, a me nā hiʻohiʻona

Nui maʻamau

1. Ka anawaena o waho

Hiki mai nā paipu kila paipu aila i nā ʻano anawaena o waho e hoʻokō i nā pono o ka halihali. ʻO nā nui anawaena waho maʻamau no nā paipu kila Api 5L series he 114.3mm (4 iniha), 168.3mm (6.625 iniha), 219.1mm (8.625 iniha), 273.1mm (10.75 iniha), 323.9mm (12.75 iniha), (12.75 iniha), 354.6mm iniha), 457.2mm (18 iniha), 508mm (20 iniha), 559mm (22 iniha), a me 610mm (24 iniha). ʻO nā anawaena o waho o nā paipu kila maʻemaʻe e like me ko ka Api 5L moʻo, akā hiki ke hana ʻia nā nui maʻamau ʻole e hoʻokō i nā pono o ka mea kūʻai aku.

2. Mānoanoa Pā

ʻO ka mānoanoa o ka pā ke kumu nui e pili ana i ka ikaika a me ka hiki ke amo o nā paipu kila. ʻOkoʻa ka mānoanoa o ka pā o nā paipu kila ʻaila ma muli o ka helu kaomi a me nā koi noi. E lawe ana i ka paipu API 5L X52 ma ke ʻano he laʻana, no ka anawaena o waho o 114.3mm, ʻo ka mānoanoa pā maʻamau he 4.0mm, 4.5mm, a me 5.0mm. No ka anawaena o waho he 219.1mm, he 6.0mm, 7.0mm, a 8.0mm paha ka manoanoa o ka paia. ʻO nā paipu API 5L X60 a me X70, ma muli o ko lākou koi ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa o nā paia ma mua o nā paipu X52 o ke anawaena o waho e hōʻoia i ka ikaika a me ka palekana. Hiki ke hoʻomalu pono ʻia ka mānoanoa o ka pā o ka paipu kila ma muli o nā kaʻina hana a me nā koi o nā mea kūʻai aku, mai ka 2mm a i kekahi mau ʻumi millimeters.

3. Ka lōʻihi

ʻO ka lōʻihi maʻamau o ka paipu kila ʻaila ma ke ʻano he 6 mika, 12 mika, etc., no ka maʻalahi o ka lawe ʻana a me ke kūkulu ʻana. Ma nā noi maoli, hiki ke hana ʻia nā lōʻihi maʻamau e pili ana i nā koi kikoʻī o ka papahana pipeline, e hōʻemi ana i ka ʻoki ʻana ma ka pūnaewele a me ka hana welding a me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka hana hana.

I ka hōʻuluʻulu ʻana, ka mea, nā waiwai, a me nā ana maʻamau oʻAila ʻO nā paipu kila nā kumu nui i kā lākou hoʻolālā a me ka noi. Paipu kila kila, paipu hao ʻole, a me nā paipu kila ma kaPaipu kila Api 5lmoʻo, e like me X70, X60, a me X52, pāʻani kēlā me kēia mea i kahi kuleana nui ma nā wahi like ʻole o kaʻAila ʻoihana ma muli o ko lākou mau pono kūikawā. Me ka hooulu mau ana o kaʻAila 'oihana, ka hana a me ka pono pono noʻAila ʻO nā paipu kila ke piʻi ikaika nei. I ka wā e hiki mai ana, ʻoi aku ka hana kiʻekiʻeʻAila e hoʻomohala ʻia a hoʻohana ʻia nā paipu kila e hoʻokō i nā pono o nā kūlana hana paʻakikī a me ka lōʻihi o ka lawe ʻana i ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe.