Nūhou - ASTM A106 vs API 5L: ʻO wai ke kūlana paipu kila no kāu papahana?

No nā luna hoʻokele papahana honua, nā luna kūʻai, a me nā alakaʻi ʻenekinia, ʻo ke koho ʻana i ka kikoʻī paipu kūpono he hoʻoholo ia e hoʻoholo ai i ka palekana, ka waihona kālā, a me ke ola o ka papahana. I ka wā e paipu ai i ka ʻaila, ke kinoea, a i ʻole nā wai kiʻekiʻe, ʻelua mau code e kū mai ana: ASTM A106 a me API 5L.

ʻOiai ua pili nā mea ʻelua no ka paipu kila kalapona a he like nā ʻano kemika a me nā ʻano mechanical, ʻo ka huikau ʻana iā lākou e hopena i ka hoʻokō ʻole ʻana i ke kumukūʻai nui a i ʻole ka hāʻule mua ʻana o ka paipu.

Eia kahi wehewehe ʻenehana i hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka mea e kūpono i kāu ʻano papahana.

Ka laulā a me ka noi koʻikoʻi

ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o kēia mau kūlana ʻelua, ua kākau ʻia lākou no nā ʻano hana like ʻole:

Paipu kila ASTM A106Hana ʻia no ka lawelawe maʻalahi no ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana a me ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i nā paipu hoʻomaʻemaʻe aila, ka hale hana mana, ka hale hana petrochemical a me nā noi paila kahi i loaʻa ai ka mahana kiʻekiʻe o ka wai.

Paipu kila API 5LHe kūlana ia i hoʻomohala ʻia e ka American Petroleum Institute no ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā paipu i nā ʻōnaehana halihali paipu laina i nā ʻoihana aila a me ke kinoea kūlohelohe. Ua hoʻolālā ʻia e lawe i ke kinoea, ka wai, a me ka aila no nā mamao lōʻihi a me nā wā lōʻihi ma uka a ma waho.

Nā ʻAno Hana: Seamless vs. Welded

ʻO ka maʻalahi i ka hana ʻana he ʻokoʻa koʻikoʻi nō hoʻi ia no ka hoʻolālā kūʻai:

ʻO ka hana ʻana o nā paipu kila kalapona Seamless (Nā Papa A, B, a me C) ke koho wale nō i loaʻa no ASTM A106.

Hoʻokomo pū ʻia ka API 5L i nā hoʻonohonoho paipu seamless a me nā hoʻonohonoho paipu welded no nā koi paipu nui. ʻO nā ʻano like ʻole i welded ʻia he paipu API 5L ERW (Electric Resistance Welded), paipu kila LSAW (Longitudinal Submerged Arc Welded), paipu kila SSAW (Spiral Submerged Arc Welded).

Nā Papa Mea a me ka Hoʻohui Kemika

He mea nui ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana māka no nā helu hoʻonohonoho a me nā helu kaomi:

Kūlana Maʻamau	Nā Papa Maʻamau	Ikaika Hoʻopaʻa (Min)	Ikaika Hāʻawi (Min)
ASTM A106	Papa A, ASTM A106 Papa B, Papa C	415 MPa (Papa B)	240 MPa (Papa B)
API 5L	API 5L Papa B, API 5L X42, API 5L X52, API 5L X60, API 5L X65, API 5L X70	415 MPa (Papa B) a i 570 MPa (X70)	245 MPa (Papa B) a i 485 MPa (X70)

Nā ʻokoʻa ma ka Metallurgy:

ʻOiai ʻo ASTM A106 Grade B a me API 5L Grade B he mau ʻano kemika like loa a me nā palena mechanical, hoʻolauna ʻo API 5L i ke kila i ʻōwili ʻia me ka thermo-mechanically ikaika kiʻekiʻe (nā māka "X", e like me ka paipu laina API 5L X65). ʻAe kēia mau māka kiʻekiʻe no nā paia lahilahi i nā paipu mamao loa, e hōʻemi nui ana i ka huina o ke kila a me nā kumukūʻai ukana no nā papahana ʻoihana nui.

Nā Pae Kikoʻī Huahana: PSL1 vs. PSL2

ʻO kahi hewa nui a nā mea kūʻai aku honua e hana pinepine ai, ʻo ia ka nānā ʻole ʻana i nā pae kikoʻī huahana API 5L (PSL1 a me PSL2):

PSL1hāʻawi i kahi pae kūlana maʻamau e like me ASTM A106.

PSL2hoʻokau i nā koi koʻikoʻi a koi ʻia ma nā paipu kila kalapona. Ke kauoha nei ia i ka hoʻāʻo hopena (hoʻāʻo Charpy V-notch) e loiloi i ka paʻakikī haki, kaupalena ikaika i ke kūlike kalapona e hōʻoia i ka weldability maikaʻi loa, a koi i ka hoʻāʻo ʻole luku (NDE) koʻikoʻi. ʻAʻohe ASTM A106 i kahi kūlike pololei me nā koi o PSL2.

Alakaʻi Hōʻuluʻulu Manaʻo no nā Luna Hoʻokele Papahana

E koho iā ASTM A106 (Sch 40 / Sch 80):Inā pili kāu papahana i nā paipu hoʻomaʻemaʻe kūloko paʻakikī, nā paipu mahu, a i ʻole nā hoʻonohonoho ʻana o nā ʻāpana hana e hana ana ma lalo o ke kaumaha wela kiʻekiʻe.

E koho i ka API 5L (X42 a i X70):Inā ʻoe e kūkulu ana i nā paipu ʻaila transnational, nā paipu hōʻiliʻili ʻaila ma waho o ke kai a i ʻole e koi ana i nā anawaena nuiNā paipu kila i hoʻopaʻa ʻia ʻo API 5Lhiki ke kū i ke kaumaha kiʻekiʻe a me nā wahi kinoea waikawa.

ʻO ke koho ʻana ma waena o ASTM A106 a me API 5L ʻaʻole ia he mea wale nō o nā kikoʻī; e pili ana i ka hoʻēmi ʻana i ka pilikia, nā ʻāpono hoʻoponopono, a me ka hoʻonui ʻana i ke kumukūʻai.

Ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻolako honua alakaʻi, hāʻawi ʻo Royal Steel Group i ka hōʻoia piha, hoʻāʻo ʻia e ka hale hanaPaipu kila kalapona ASTM A106 humuhumu, kūlana kiʻekiʻePaipu laina API 5L X60, a me nā paia mānoanoaPaipu kila LSAWke kūlike nei me nā kūlana papahana honua, me EN, ASME, a me nā kūlana ISO.

Ke hoʻolālā nei i kāu papahana hoʻonui pipeline a i ʻole ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe hou? E kāhea aku i kā mākou hui ʻenekinia loea i kēia lā no kahi ʻōlelo piha, e nānā i nā Hōʻike Hoʻāʻo Mea (MTR), a i ʻole e kūkākūkā i nā ʻae ʻana i ka hana maʻamau i hana ʻia no kāu unahi papahana.

[E kelepona mai i kā mākou poʻe loea kūʻai loea i kēia manawa]⬇