Paipu APIhe kuleana koʻikoʻi i ke kūkulu ʻana a me ka hana ʻana i nā ʻoihana ikehu e like me ka aila a me ke kinoea. Ua hoʻokumu ka American Petroleum Institute (API) i kahi ʻano o nā kūlana koʻikoʻi e hoʻoponopono i kēlā me kēia ʻano o ka paipu API, mai ka hana ʻana i ka noi, e hōʻoia i kona maikaʻi a me ka palekana.

Hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia kahi puʻu o nā paipu kila API 5L, me nā hiʻohiʻona kikoʻī i kaha ʻia ma nā paipu, e hōʻike ana i ka maikaʻi a me ka hilinaʻi.

API 5L PaipuNā Kūlana hōʻoia

ʻO ka hōʻoia ʻana o ka paipu kila API e hōʻoia i ka hana mau ʻana o nā mea hana i nā huahana e hoʻokō me nā kikoʻī API. No ka loaʻa ʻana o ka monogram API, pono nā hui e hoʻokō i kekahi mau koi. ʻO ka mea mua, pono lākou i kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻokele maikaʻi e hana mau ana no ka liʻiliʻi o ʻehā mau mahina a ua hoʻokō piha ʻia me ka API Specification Q1. ʻO API Specification Q1, ʻo ia ke kūlana hoʻokele maikaʻi o ka ʻoihana, ʻaʻole wale e hoʻokō i ka hapa nui o nā koi ISO 9001 akā loaʻa pū kekahi i nā mea kikoʻī i kūpono i nā pono kūʻokoʻa o ka ʻoihana ʻaila a me ka ʻea. ʻO ka lua, pono e wehewehe pono nā ʻoihana i kā lākou ʻōnaehana hoʻokele maikaʻi i kā lākou manual maikaʻi, e uhi ana i nā koi āpau o ka API Specification Q1. Eia kekahi, pono e loaʻa i nā ʻoihana nā mana ʻenehana pono e hōʻoia i hiki iā lākou ke hana i nā huahana e hoʻokō me nā kikoʻī huahana API pili. Eia kekahi, pono nā hui e hana mau i nā loiloi kūloko a me ka hoʻokele e like me ka API Specification Q1, a mālama i nā palapala kikoʻī o ke kaʻina loiloi a me nā hopena. E pili ana i nā kikoʻī huahana, pono nā mea noi e mālama i hoʻokahi kope o ka mana Pelekane hou loa o ka API Q1 kikoʻī a me nā kikoʻī huahana API no ka laikini a lākou e noi nei. Pono e paʻi ʻia nā kikoʻī huahana e API a loaʻa ma o API a i ʻole kekahi mea hāʻawi ʻae ʻia. ʻO ka unuhi ʻae ʻole ʻia o nā paʻi API me ka ʻae ʻole o ka API i kākau ʻia he hewa kope.

Mea maʻamau no ka paipu kila API

ʻEkolu mau mea maʻamau i hoʻohana ʻia i ka paipu API ʻo A53, A106, a me X42 (kahi papa kila maʻamau i ka maʻamau API 5L). ʻOkoʻa loa lākou i ka haku mele ʻana, nā waiwai mechanical, a me nā hiʻohiʻona hoʻohana, e like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ka papa ma lalo.

ʻAno Mea	Nā kūlana	Nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hui ʻana i kemika	Nā Pono Mechanical (Nā Waiwai Maʻamau)	Wahi Noi Nui
A53 Paipu kila	ASTM A53	Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kila kalapona i ʻelua mau papa, A a me B. Loaʻa i ka papa A kahi ʻāpana kalapona o ≤0.25% a me kahi kiko manganese o 0.30-0.60%; He ≤0.30% ka maʻiʻo o ka papa B a he 0.60-1.05% ka manganese. ʻAʻohe mea hoʻohuihui.	Ka ikaika o ka hua: Grade A ≥250 MPa, Grade B ≥290 MPa; ʻO ka ikaika ʻo Tensile: Papa A ≥415 MPa, Papa B ≥485 MPa	ʻO ka lawe ʻana i ka wai haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (e like me ka wai a me ke kinoea) a me nā paipu hoʻolālā maʻamau, kūpono no nā kaiapuni non-corrosive.
A106 Paipu kila	ASTM A106	Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ke kila kalapona kiʻekiʻe i ʻekolu mau papa, A, B, a me C. Hoʻonui ka ʻike kalapona me ka papa (Grade A ≤0.27%, Grade C ≤0.35%). ʻO ka mea manganese he 0.29-1.06%, a ʻoi aku ka paʻa o ka sulfur a me ka phosphorus.	Ka ikaika o ka hua: Grade A ≥240 MPa, Grade B ≥275 MPa, Grade C ≥310 MPa; Ka ikaika ʻo Tensile: All ≥415 MPa	ʻO nā paipu mokumahu kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe a me nā pipeline hoʻomaʻemaʻe aila, pono e kū i nā wela kiʻekiʻe (maʻamau ≤ 425 ° C).
X42 (API 5L)	API 5L (Line Pipeline Steel Standard)	Loaʻa i ke kila kiʻekiʻe ke kalapona o ≤0.26% a loaʻa nā mea e like me ka manganese a me ke silika. Hoʻohui ʻia nā mea microalloying e like me ka niobium a me ka vanadium e hoʻonui i ka ikaika a me ka paʻakikī.	Ka ikaika hua ≥290 MPa; ʻO ka ikaika tensile 415-565 MPa; Paʻa Paʻa (-10°C) ≥40 J	Hiki i nā paipu aila lōʻihi a me ke kinoea maoli, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka poʻe no ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe, ka halihali lōʻihi, hiki ke kū i nā kaiapuni paʻakikī e like me ke koʻikoʻi o ka lepo a me nā haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.

Palapala hou:
Aia ka A53 a me A106 i ka ʻōnaehana maʻamau ASTM. Hoʻopili ka mea mua i ka hoʻohana maʻamau i nā wela lumi, ʻoiai ka mea hope e hoʻoikaika i ka hana wela kiʻekiʻe.
X42, no kaAPI 5L paipu kilamaʻamau, ua hoʻolālā kūikawā ʻia no ka lawe ʻana i ka aila a me ke kinoea, e hoʻoikaika ana i ka paʻakikī haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ke kūpaʻa luhi. He mea kumu ia no nā paipu lōʻihi.

Pono e koho ʻia ma ka loiloi piha o ke kaomi, ka mahana, ka corrosiveness waena, a me ke kaiapuni o ka papahana. No ka laʻana, makemake ʻia ʻo X42 no ka lawe ʻana i ka aila kiʻekiʻe a me ke kinoea, ʻoiai ʻo A106 i makemake ʻia no nā ʻōnaehana mahu wela kiʻekiʻe.