Paipu kila maʻemaʻe ʻole - ka hui aliʻi

1. ʻO ka ʻōwili wela (extrusion seamless steel paipu): ʻākea puʻupuʻu pōʻai → hoʻomehana → perforating → ʻekolu-kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe diagonal rolling, hoʻomau i ka ʻōwili a extrusion → wehe ʻia → sizing (aiʻole e hōʻemi) → hoʻoluʻu → hoʻopololei → hydrostatic test (a i ʻole nānā) → hōʻailona → mālama.
ʻO ka mea maka o ka ʻōwili liʻiliʻi o ka ʻōpala he poepoe tube billet, ʻoki ʻia a hoʻōla ʻia e ka mīkini ʻokiʻoki me ka ulu ʻana o kahi 1 mika blank, a hoʻouna ʻia i ka umu e ka conveyor belt embryo. Hāʻawi ʻia ka billet i loko o ka umu ahi a hoʻomehana ʻia a hiki i 1200 degere Celsius. He hydrogen a acetylene ka wahie. ʻO ka hoʻomalu wela i ka umu ahi ka pilikia nui. Ma hope o ka puka ʻana mai o ka puʻupuʻu pōʻai pōʻai, ua ʻūhā ʻia e ka puʻi kaomi. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻo ka perforator maʻamau ʻo ka conical roll perforator. ʻO kēia ʻano perforator he kiʻekiʻe ka hana hana, maikaʻi ka huahana maikaʻi, nui perforating anawaena a hiki ke komo i nā ʻano kila like ʻole. Ma hope o ka perforation, ʻolokaʻa ʻia ka billet puʻupuʻu poepoe e ʻekolu diagonal kiʻekiʻe, ʻōwili mau a extrusion paha. Ma hope o ka extrusion, pono e wehe ʻia ka paipu no ka nui. Hoʻololi ka caliper i loko o ka embryo kila ma o kahi drill conical i ka wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe e kuʻi i nā lua a hana i nā paipu kila. Hoʻoholo ʻia ke anawaena o loko o ka paipu kila e ka lōʻihi o waho o ke anawaena o ka bit caliper drill. Ma hope o ka nui ʻana o ka paipu kila, komo ia i loko o ka hale hoʻomaha a hoʻomaʻalili ʻia e ka pipi ʻana i ka wai. Ma hope o ka hoʻoluʻu ʻana i ka paipu kila, e hoʻopololei ʻia.
2. Cold-drawn (rolled) seamless steel pipe: round tube blank → heat → perforation → heading → annealing → pickling → oiling (copper plating) → multi-pass anu kiʻi (cold rolling) → blank tube → heat treatment → straightening → hydrostatic test (inspection) → marking → storage.
ʻOi aku ka paʻakikī o ke ʻano o ka ʻōwili ʻana o ke kaha kiʻi anuanu (rolling) ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī ma mua o ka ʻōwili wela (extrusion) paipu kila ʻole. ʻO nā ʻanuʻu mua ʻekolu o kā lākou kaʻina hana hana like. ʻO ka ʻokoʻa mai ka hā o ka ʻanuʻu, ʻo ka pahu poepoe paʻa ma hope o ke kuʻi ʻana, a hiki i ke poʻo, annealing. Ma hope o ka annealing, hoʻohana ʻia ka wai waikawa kūikawā no ka pickling. Ma hope o ka pickling, hoʻohana ʻia ka ʻaila. Hoʻopili ʻia kēia me ka mālama wela kūikawā o ka paipu rebillet ma hope o ke kaha kiʻi anu (cold rolling). Ma hope o ka mālama ʻana i ka wela, hoʻopololei ʻia.