He mea kūikawā ka papa hoʻohuihui wela kiʻekiʻe e mālama ana i ka hana maikaʻi loa i nā wahi wela kiʻekiʻe. Hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i ka aerospace, ikehu, kemika, a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe. Hōʻike nui ʻia kona mau pono i nā ʻano aʻe:

1. Kūlana Kiʻekiʻe Loa

Paʻa ʻana o ka Ikaika Mahana Kiʻekiʻe: ʻOiai ma nā wahi wela kiʻekiʻe ma luna o 600°C, mālama ia i ka ikaika tensile kiʻekiʻe, ka ikaika hua, a me ka ikaika luhi, a ʻaʻole palupalu koke me ka piʻi ʻana o ka mahana. No ka laʻana, mālama nā superalloys i hoʻokumu ʻia i ka nickel i nā waiwai mechanical lawa i nā mahana a puni 1000°C, e hoʻokō ana i nā koi o nā ʻāpana koʻikoʻi e like me nā pahi turbine mīkini.

Ke Kū'ē ʻana i ke Kolo: Ke kau ʻia i ke kaumaha lōʻihi ma nā mahana kiʻekiʻe, hōʻike ka mea i ka deformation liʻiliʻi (creep resistance), e pale ana i ka hāʻule ʻana ma muli o ka deformation kūkulu lohi. He mea koʻikoʻi kēia no nā lako e like me nā turbines a me nā paila e hana ana i nā wahi mahana kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe.

2. Maikaʻi loa ka Oxidation a me ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka palaho

Ke Kū'ē ʻana i ka Oxidation Mahana Kiʻekiʻe: I ka ea a i ʻole ke kinoea wela kiʻekiʻe, hana ka mea i kahi ʻili oxide mānoanoa (e like me Cr₂O₃ a i ʻole Al₂O₃) ma luna o kona ʻili, e pale ana i ka hoʻouka ʻana o ka oxygen hou aʻe, e kū'ē pono ana i ka palaho oxidative, a e hoʻolōʻihi ana i kona ola lawelawe. No ka laʻana, mālama nā papa alloy i loaʻa ka chromium a me ka alumini i ke kū'ē ʻana i ka oxidation maikaʻi loa i nā mahana ma luna o 1000°C.

Ke Kū'ē ʻana i ka ʻAi ʻOle: Kū'ē nā mea hoʻohui wela kiʻekiʻe i nā kinoea waikawa a me ka alkaline (e like me ka hydrogen sulfide a me ka sulfur dioxide), nā metala hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, a me nā paʻakai, e kūpono ana iā lākou no nā wahi paʻakikī e like me nā mea hana kemika, nā mea puhi ʻōpala, a me nā mea hana nukelea.

3. Ka Hana Hana Maikaʻi Loa a me ke Kūpaʻa Kūkulu

Ka Hana Hana: ʻOiai ko lākou ikaika kiʻekiʻe, hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia nā mea hoʻohuihui wela kiʻekiʻe i nā ʻano like ʻole, me nā papa a me nā paipu, ma o nā kaʻina hana e like me ka forging, rolling, a me ka welding, e hoʻokō i nā koi hoʻolālā kūkulu o nā lako like ʻole (e like me nā papa kila pale wela no nā paila nui a me nā panela keʻena kuni no nā mīkini mokulele).

Paʻa Microstructural: ʻOiai me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka mahana kiʻekiʻe no ka manawa lōʻihi, ʻaʻole paha e loli nui ke ʻano metallographic kūloko (e like me ke ʻano alloy a me ke ʻano grain). Pale kēia i ka hōʻino ʻana o ka hana ma muli o ka hōʻino ʻana o ke ʻano a hōʻoia i ka hana hilinaʻi lōʻihi o ka mea.

4. Ka laulā mahana ākea, kūpono no nā wahi koʻikoʻi loa

Uhi nā papa hao i ka pae mahana mai nā mahana waena-kiʻekiʻe (600°C) a i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe loa (ma luna o 1200°C). Kūpono nā papa hao me nā ʻano like ʻole no nā noi like ʻole: no ka laʻana, kūpono nā hao hao no nā mahana ma waena o 600-800°C, kūpono nā nickel no nā mahana ma waena o 800-1200°C, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā cobalt hao i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe no nā wā pōkole.

Hiki iā lākou ke kū i nā hopena i hui pū ʻia o nā mahana kiʻekiʻe a me nā ukana mechanical. No ka laʻana, pono nā disks turbine i loko o nā mīkini mokulele e kū i nā mahana kiʻekiʻe o nā kinoea puhi a me nā mana centrifugal i hana ʻia e ka wili wikiwiki kiʻekiʻe.

5. Ka Māmā a me ka Mana Hoʻōla Ikehu

Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā kila kuʻuna e kū ana i ka wela, ʻo kekahi mau mea hoʻohuihui wela kiʻekiʻe (e like me nā mea hoʻohuihui nickel a me titanium-aluminium) he haʻahaʻa ka nui ma ka hana wela like, e kōkua ana i ka hoʻomāmā ʻana i nā lako (no ka laʻana, e hōʻemi ana i ke kaumaha o ke ʻano a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ikehu i ka ʻoihana aerospace).

Ma muli o ko lākou kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe i ka mahana a me ke kūpaʻa, hiki iā lākou ke hōʻemi i ka pinepine o ka mālama ʻana i nā lako a me nā kumukūʻai hoʻololi, e hoʻomaikaʻi pololei ʻole ana i ka pono o ka ikehu (no ka laʻana, ʻo ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā papa alloy wela kiʻekiʻe i nā paila mea kanu mana hiki ke hoʻonui i ka mahana kuni a me ka pono o ka hana mana).