ASTM A992 6*12 / 12*16 Wela ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa Flange Steel Beam W Beam

ʻO nā kaola kila ʻōwili wela ka mea maʻamau o nā kaola āpau a he moho maikaʻi loa ia no ka nui o nā ʻenehana hana. Hōʻike pinepine ʻia lākou e ka hoʻopau ʻana i ka uliuli-hina, nā flanges ʻaʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia, a me kahi pūnaewele kikowaena ʻoi aku ka mānoanoa no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka ikaika. Hoʻohana maʻamau ʻia i ka ʻoihana kūkulu, ʻo nā kaola flange kila he mea hana maʻamau, hoʻohana mua ʻia no ka lawe ʻana i nā haʻawe e hoʻohuli i kona axis longitudinal (pūnaewele). 'Oi aku ke kaumaha o na kaola laula laula kila ma mua o na kaola w ma'amau a i 'ole na kaola opiopio.ASTM A992 / A572-50 / A529-50 ʻo ia nā kikoʻī maʻamau no ke kila hoʻolālā.
No ka ʻike hou aku e pili ana i ka nui o nā mea, a / a i ʻole nā noi palapala e ʻoluʻolu e kelepona i kā mākouLuna kuai.
Nā Kūlohelohe W - Nā Kaola Laulā Laulā ʻAmelika - Nā ʻāpana kūmau
Koho | Hohonu | Laulā | Mānoanoa Pūnaewele | Mānoanoa Flange | Māhele Māhele | Kaumaha | Nā Kūlana Kūikawā | |||
Imperial | h | w | tw | tf | (i loko o2) | (lbf/ft) | ||||
(i loko o x lb/ft) | (i) | (i) | (i) | (i) | Manawa o Inertia | Modulus Māhele Elastic | ||||
Ix | Iy | Sx | Sy | |||||||
(i loko 4) | (i loko 4) | (i loko o 3) | (i loko o 3) | |||||||
W 27 x 178 | 27.8 | 14.09 | 0.725 | 1.19 | 52.3 | 178 | 6990 | 555 | 502 | 78.8 |
W 27 x 161 | 27.6 | 14.02 | 0.66 | 1.08 | 47.4 | 161 | 6280 | 497 | 455 | 70.9 |
W 27 x 146 | 27.4 | 14 | 0.605 | 0.975 | 42.9 | 146 | 5630 | 443 | 411 | 63.5 |
W 27 x 114 | 27.3 | 10.07 | 0.57 | 0.93 | 33.5 | 114 | 4090 | 159 | 299 | 31.5 |
W 27×102 | 27.1 | 10.02 | 0.515 | 0.83 | 30 | 102 | 3620 | 139 | 267 | 27.8 |
W 27 x 94 | 26.9 | 10 | 0.49 | 0.745 | 27.7 | 94 | 3270 | 124 | 243 | 24.8 |
W 27 x 84 | 26.7 | 9.96 | 0.46 | 0.64 | 24.8 | 84 | 2850 | 106 | 213 | 21.2 |
W 24 x 162 | 25 | 13 | 0.705 | 1.22 | 47.7 | 162 | 5170 | 443 | 414 | 68.4 |
W 24 x 146 | 24.7 | 12.9 | 0.65 | 1.09 | 43 | 146 | 4580 | 391 | 371 | 60.5 |
W 24 x 131 | 24.5 | 12.9 | 0.605 | 0.96 | 38.5 | 131 | 4020 | 340 | 329 | 53 |
W 24 x 117 | 24.3 | 12.8 | 0.55 | 0.85 | 34.4 | 117 | 3540 | 297 | 291 | 46.5 |
W 24×104 | 24.1 | 12.75 | 0.5 | 0.75 | 30.6 | 104 | 3100 | 259 | 258 | 40.7 |
W 24 x 94 | 24.1 | 9.07 | 0.515 | 0.875 | 27.7 | 94 | 2700 | 109 | 222 | 24 |
W 24 x 84 | 24.1 | 9.02 | 0.47 | 0.77 | 24.7 | 84 | 2370 | 94.4 | 196 | 20.9 |
W 24 x 76 | 23.9 | 9 | 0.44 | 0.68 | 22.4 | 76 | 2100 | 82.5 | 176 | 18.4 |
W 24 x 68 | 23.7 | 8.97 | 0.415 | 0.585 | 20.1 | 68 | 1830 | 70.4 | 154 | 15.7 |
W 24 x 62 | 23.7 | 7.04 | 0.43 | 0.59 | 18.2 | 62 | 1550 | 34.5 | 131 | 9.8 |
W 24 x 55 | 23.6 | 7.01 | 0.395 | 0.505 | 16.2 | 55 | 1350 | 29.1 | 114 | 8.3 |
W 21 x 147 | 22.1 | 12.51 | 0.72 | 1.15 | 43.2 | 147 | 3630 | 376 | 329 | 60.1 |
W 21 x 132 | 21.8 | 12.44 | 0.65 | 1.035 | 38.8 | 132 | 3220 | 333 | 295 | 53.5 |
W 21 x 122 | 21.7 | 12.39 | 0.6 | 0.96 | 35.9 | 122 | 2960 | 305 | 273 | 49.2 |
W 21 x 111 | 21.5 | 12.34 | 0.55 | 0.875 | 32.7 | 111 | 2670 | 274 | 249 | 44.5 |
W 21×101 | 21.4 | 12.29 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 29.8 | 101 | 2420 | 248 | 227 | 40.3 |
W 21 x 93 | 21.6 | 8.42 | 0.58 | 0.93 | 27.3 | 93 | 2070 | 92.9 | 192 | 22.1 |
W 21 x 83 | 21.4 | 8.36 | 0.515 | 0.835 | 24.3 | 83 | 1830 | 81.4 | 171 | 19.5 |
W 21 x 73 | 21.2 | 8.3 | 0.455 | 0.74 | 21.5 | 73 | 1600 | 70.6 | 151 | 17 |
W 21 x 68 | 21.1 | 8.27 | 0.43 | 0.685 | 20 | 68 | 1480 | 64.7 | 140 | 15.7 |
W 21 x 62 | 21 | 8.24 | 0.4 | 0.615 | 18.3 | 62 | 1330 | 57.5 | 127 | 13.9 |
W 21 x 57 | 21.1 | 6.56 | 0.405 | 0.65 | 16.7 | 57 | 1170 | 30.6 | 111 | 9.4 |
W 21 x 50 | 20.8 | 6.53 | 0.38 | 0.535 | 14.7 | 50 | 984 | 24.9 | 94.5 | 7.6 |
W 21 x 44 | 20.7 | 6.5 | 0.35 | 0.45 | 13 | 44 | 843 | 20.7 | 81.6 | 6.4 |
W 18 x 119 | 19 | 11.27 | 0.655 | 1.06 | 35.1 | 119 | 2190 | 253 | 231 | 44.9 |
W 18×106 | 18.7 | 11.2 | 0.59 | 0.94 | 31.1 | 106 | 1910 | 220 | 204 | 39.4 |
W 18 x 97 | 18.6 | 11.15 | 0.535 | 0.87 | 28.5 | 97 | 1750 | 201 | 188 | 36.1 |
W 18 x 86 | 18.4 | 11.09 | 0.48 | 0.77 | 25.3 | 86 | 1530 | 175 | 166 | 31.6 |
W 18 x 76 | 18.2 | 11.04 | 0.425 | 0.68 | 22.3 | 76 | 1330 | 152 | 146 | 27.6 |
W 18 x 71 | 18.5 | 7.64 | 0.495 | 0.81 | 20.8 | 71 | 1170 | 60.3 | 127 | 15.8 |
W 18 x 65 | 18.4 | 7.59 | 0.45 | 0.75 | 19.1 | 65 | 1070 | 54.8 | 117 | 14.4 |
W 18 x 60 | 18.2 | 7.56 | 0.415 | 0.695 | 17.6 | 60 | 984 | 50.1 | 108 | 13.3 |
W 18 x 55 | 18.1 | 7.53 | 0.39 | 0.63 | 16.2 | 55 | 890 | 44.9 | 98.3 | 11.9 |
W 18 x 50 | 18 | 7.5 | 0.355 | 0.57 | 14.7 | 50 | 800 | 40.1 | 88.9 | 10.7 |
W 18 x 46 | 18.1 | 6.06 | 0.36 | 0.605 | 13.5 | 46 | 712 | 22.5 | 78.8 | 7.4 |
W 18 x 40 | 17.9 | 6.02 | 0.315 | 0.525 | 11.8 | 40 | 612 | 19.1 | 68.4 | 6.4 |
W 18 x 35 | 17.7 | 6 | 0.3 | 0.425 | 10.3 | 35 | 510 | 15.3 | 57.6 | 5.1 |
W 16×100 | 16.97 | 10.425 | 0.585 | 0.985 | 29.4 | 100 | 1490 | 186 | 175 | 35.7 |
W 16 x 89 | 16.75 | 10.365 | 0.525 | 0.875 | 26.2 | 89 | 1300 | 163 | 155 | 31.4 |
W 16 x 77 | 16.52 | 10.295 | 0.455 | 0.76 | 22.6 | 77 | 1100 | 138 | 134 | 26.9 |
W 16 x 67 | 16.33 | 10.235 | 0.395 | 0.665 | 19.7 | 67 | 954 | 119 | 117 | 23.2 |
W 16 x 57 | 16.43 | 7.12 | 0.43 | 0.715 | 16.8 | 57 | 758 | 43.1 | 92.2 | 12.1 |
W 16 x 50 | 16.26 | 7.07 | 0.38 | 0.63 | 14.7 | 50 | 659 | 37.2 | 81 | 10.5 |
W 16 x 45 | 16.13 | 7.035 | 0.345 | 0.565 | 13.3 | 45 | 586 | 32.8 | 72.7 | 9.3 |
W 16 x 40 | 16.01 | 6.995 | 0.305 | 0.505 | 11.8 | 40 | 518 | 28.9 | 64.7 | 8.3 |
W 16 x 36 | 15.86 | 6.985 | 0.295 | 0.43 | 10.6 | 36 | 448 | 24.5 | 56.5 | 7 |
W 16 x 31 | 15.88 | 5.525 | 0.275 | 0.44 | 9.12 | 31 | 375 | 12.4 | 47.2 | 4.5 |
W 16 x 26 | 15.69 | 5.5 | 0.25 | 0.345 | 7.68 | 26 | 301 | 9.6 | 38.4 | 3.5 |
W 14 x 132 | 14.66 | 14.725 | 0.645 | 1.03 | 38.8 | 132 | 1530 | 548 | 209 | 74.5 |
W 14 x 120 | 14.48 | 14.67 | 0.59 | 0.94 | 35.3 | 120 | 1380 | 495 | 190 | 67.5 |
W 14×109 | 14.32 | 14.605 | 0.525 | 0.86 | 32 | 109 | 1240 | 447 | 173 | 61.2 |
W 14 x 99 | 14.16 | 14.565 | 0.485 | 0.78 | 29.1 | 99 | 1110 | 402 | 157 | 55.2 |
W 14 x 90 | 14.02 | 14.52 | 0.44 | 0.71 | 26.5 | 90 | 999 | 362 | 143 | 49.9 |
W 14 x 82 | 14.31 | 10.13 | 0.51 | 0.855 | 24.1 | 82 | 882 | 148 | 123 | 29.3 |
W 14 x 74 | 14.17 | 10.07 | 0.45 | 0.785 | 21.8 | 74 | 796 | 134 | 112 | 26.6 |
W 14 x 68 | 14.04 | 10.035 | 0.415 | 0.72 | 20 | 68 | 723 | 121 | 103 | 24.2 |
W 14 x 61 | 13.89 | 9.995 | 0.375 | 0.645 | 17.9 | 61 | 640 | 107 | 92.2 | 21.5 |
W 14 x 53 | 13.92 | 8.06 | 0.37 | 0.66 | 15.6 | 53 | 541 | 57.7 | 77.8 | 14.3 |
W 14 x 48 | 13.79 | 8.03 | 0.34 | 0.595 | 14.1 | 48 | 485 | 51.4 | 70.3 | 12.8 |
W 14 x 43 | 13.66 | 7.995 | 0.305 | 0.53 | 12.6 | 43 | 428 | 45.2 | 62.7 | 11.3 |
W 14 x 38 | 14.1 | 6.77 | 0.31 | 0.515 | 11.2 | 38 | 385 | 26.7 | 54.6 | 7.9 |
W 14 x 34 | 13.98 | 6.745 | 0.285 | 0.455 | 10 | 34 | 340 | 23.3 | 48.6 | 6.9 |
W 14 x 30 | 13.84 | 6.73 | 0.27 | 0.385 | 8.85 | 30 | 291 | 19.6 | 42 | 5.8 |
W 14 x 26 | 13.91 | 5.025 | 0.255 | 0.42 | 7.69 | 26 | 245 | 8.9 | 35.3 | 3.5 |
W 14 x 22 | 13.74 | 5 | 0.23 | 0.335 | 6.49 | 22 | 199 | 7 | 29 | 2.8 |
W 12 x 136 | 13.41 | 12.4 | 0.79 | 1.25 | 39.9 | 136 | 1240 | 398 | 186 | 64.2 |
W 12 x 120 | 13.12 | 12.32 | 0.71 | 1.105 | 35.3 | 120 | 1070 | 345 | 163 | 56 |
W 12×106 | 12.89 | 12.22 | 0.61 | 0.99 | 31.2 | 106 | 933 | 301 | 145 | 49.3 |
W 12 x 96 | 12.71 | 12.16 | 0.55 | 0.9 | 28.2 | 96 | 833 | 270 | 131 | 44.4 |
W 12 x 87 | 12.53 | 12.125 | 0.515 | 0.81 | 25.6 | 87 | 740 | 241 | 118 | 39.7 |
W 12 x 79 | 12.38 | 12.08 | 0.47 | 0.735 | 23.2 | 79 | 662 | 216 | 107 | 35.8 |
W 12 x 72 | 12.25 | 12.04 | 0.43 | 0.67 | 21.1 | 72 | 597 | 195 | 97.4 | 32.4 |
W 12 x 65 | 12.12 | 12 | 0.39 | 0.605 | 19.1 | 65 | 533 | 174 | 87.9 | 29.1 |
W 12 x 58 | 12.19 | 10.01 | 0.36 | 0.64 | 17 | 58 | 475 | 107 | 78 | 21.4 |
W 12 x 53 | 12.06 | 9.995 | 0.345 | 0.575 | 15.6 | 53 | 425 | 95.8 | 70.6 | 19.2 |
W 12 x 50 | 12.19 | 8.08 | 0.37 | 0.64 | 14.7 | 50 | 394 | 56.3 | 64.7 | 13.9 |
W 12 x 45 | 12.06 | 8.045 | 0.335 | 0.575 | 13.2 | 45 | 350 | 50 | 58.1 | 12.4 |
W 12 x 40 | 11.94 | 8.005 | 0.295 | 0.515 | 11.8 | 40 | 310 | 44.1 | 51.9 | 11 |
W 12 x 35 | 12.5 | 6.56 | 0.3 | 0.52 | 10.3 | 35 | 285 | 24.5 | 45.6 | 7.5 |
W 12 x 30 | 12.34 | 6.52 | 0.26 | 0.44 | 8.8 | 30 | 238 | 20.3 | 38.6 | 6.2 |
W 12 x 26 | 12.22 | 6.49 | 0.23 | 0.38 | 7.7 | 26 | 204 | 17.3 | 33.4 | 5.3 |
W 12 x 22 | 12.31 | 4.03 | 0.26 | 0.425 | 6.5 | 22 | 156 | 4.7 | 25.4 | 2.3 |
W 12 x 19 | 12.16 | 4.005 | 0.235 | 0.35 | 5.6 | 19 | 130 | 3.8 | 21.3 | 1.9 |
W 12 x 16 | 11.99 | 3.99 | 0.22 | 0.265 | 4.7 | 16 | 103 | 2.8 | 17.1 | 1.4 |
W 12 x 14 | 11.91 | 3.97 | 0.2 | 0.225 | 4.2 | 14 | 88.6 | 2.4 | 14.9 | 1.2 |
W 10 x 112 | 11.36 | 10.415 | 0.755 | 1.25 | 32.9 | 112 | 716 | 236 | 126 | 45.3 |
W 10×100 | 11.1 | 10.34 | 0.68 | 1.112 | 29.4 | 100 | 623 | 207 | 112 | 40 |
W 10 x 88 | 10.84 | 10.265 | 0.605 | 0.99 | 25.9 | 88 | 534 | 179 | 98.5 | 34.8 |
W 10 x 77 | 10.6 | 10.19 | 0.53 | 0.87 | 22.6 | 77 | 455 | 154 | 85.9 | 30.1 |
W 10 x 68 | 10.4 | 10.13 | 0.47 | 0.77 | 20 | 68 | 394 | 134 | 75.7 | 26.4 |
W 10 x 60 | 10.22 | 10.08 | 0.42 | 0.68 | 17.6 | 60 | 341 | 116 | 66.7 | 23 |
W 10 x 54 | 10.09 | 10.03 | 0.37 | 0.615 | 15.8 | 54 | 303 | 103 | 60 | 20.6 |
W 10 x 49 | 9.98 | 10 | 0.34 | 0.56 | 14.4 | 49 | 272 | 93.4 | 54.6 | 18.7 |
W 10 x 45 | 10.1 | 8.02 | 0.35 | 0.62 | 13.3 | 45 | 248 | 53.4 | 49.1 | 13.3 |
W 10 x 39 | 9.92 | 7.985 | 0.315 | 0.53 | 11.5 | 39 | 209 | 45 | 42.1 | 11.3 |
W 10 x 33 | 9.73 | 7.96 | 0.29 | 0.435 | 9.71 | 33 | 170 | 36.6 | 35 | 9.2 |
W 10 x 30 | 10.47 | 5.81 | 0.3 | 0.51 | 8.84 | 30 | 170 | 16.7 | 32.4 | 5.8 |
W 10 x 26 | 10.33 | 5.77 | 0.26 | 0.44 | 7.6 | 26 | 144 | 14.1 | 27.9 | 4.9 |
W 10 x 22 | 10.17 | 5.75 | 0.24 | 0.36 | 6.5 | 22 | 118 | 11.4 | 23.2 | 4 |
W 10 x 19 | 10.24 | 4.02 | 0.25 | 0.395 | 5.6 | 19 | 96.3 | 4.3 | 18.8 | 2.1 |
W 10 x 17 | 10.11 | 4.01 | 0.24 | 0.33 | 5 | 17 | 81.9 | 3.6 | 16.2 | 1.8 |
W 10 x 15 | 9.99 | 4 | 0.23 | 0.27 | 4.4 | 15 | 68.9 | 2.9 | 13.8 | 1.5 |
W 10 x 12 | 9.87 | 3.96 | 0.19 | 0.21 | 3.5 | 12 | 53.8 | 2.2 | 10.9 | 1.1 |
W 8 x 67 | 9 | 8.28 | 0.57 | 0.935 | 19.7 | 67 | 272 | 88.6 | 60.4 | 21.4 |
W 8 x 58 | 8.75 | 8.22 | 0.51 | 0.81 | 17.1 | 58 | 228 | 75.1 | 52 | 18.3 |
W 8 x 48 | 8.5 | 8.11 | 0.4 | 0.685 | 14.1 | 48 | 184 | 60.9 | 43.3 | 15 |
W 8 x 40 | 8.25 | 8.07 | 0.36 | 0.56 | 11.7 | 40 | 146 | 49.1 | 35.5 | 12.2 |
W 8 x 35 | 8.12 | 8.02 | 0.31 | 0.495 | 10.3 | 35 | 127 | 42.6 | 31.2 | 10.6 |
W 8 x 31 | 8 | 7.995 | 0.285 | 0.435 | 9.1 | 31 | 110 | 37.1 | 27.5 | 9.3 |
W 8 x 28 | 8.06 | 6.535 | 0.285 | 0.465 | 8.3 | 28 | 98 | 21.7 | 24.3 | 6.6 |
W 8 x 24 | 7.93 | 6.495 | 0.245 | 0.4 | 7.1 | 24 | 82.8 | 18.3 | 20.9 | 5.6 |
W 8 x 21 | 8.28 | 5.27 | 0.25 | 0.4 | 6.2 | 21 | 75.3 | 9.8 | 18.2 | 3.7 |
W 8 x 18 | 8.14 | 5.25 | 0.23 | 0.33 | 5.3 | 18 | 61.9 | 8 | 15.2 | 3 |
W 8 x 15 | 8.11 | 4.015 | 0.245 | 0.315 | 4.4 | 15 | 48 | 3.4 | 11.8 | 1.7 |
W 8 x 13 | 7.99 | 4 | 0.23 | 0.255 | 3.8 | 13 | 39.6 | 2.7 | 9.9 | 1.4 |
W 8×10 | 7.89 | 3.94 | 0.17 | 0.205 | 2.9 | 10 | 30.8 | 2.1 | 7.8 | 1.1 |
W 6 x 25 | 6.38 | 6.08 | 0.32 | 0.455 | 7.3 | 25 | 53.4 | 17.1 | 16.7 | 5.6 |
W 6 x 20 | 6.2 | 6.02 | 0.26 | 0.365 | 5.9 | 20 | 41.4 | 13.3 | 13.4 | 4.4 |
W 6 x 16 | 6.28 | 4.03 | 0.26 | 0.405 | 4.7 | 16 | 32.1 | 4.4 | 10.2 | 2.2 |
W 6 x 15 | 5.99 | 5.99 | 0.23 | 0.26 | 4.4 | 15 | 29.1 | 9.3 | 9.7 | 3.1 |
W 6 x 12 | 6.03 | 4 | 0.23 | 0.28 | 3.6 | 12 | 22.1 | 3 | 7.3 | 1.5 |
W 6 x 9 | 5.9 | 3.94 | 0.17 | 0.215 | 2.7 | 9 | 16.4 | 2.2 | 5.6 | 1.1 |
W 5 x 19 | 5.15 | 5.03 | 0.27 | 0.43 | 5.5 | 19 | 26.2 | 9.1 | 10.2 | 3.6 |
W 5 x 16 | 5.01 | 5 | 0.24 | 0.36 | 4.7 | 16 | 21.3 | 7.5 | 8.5 | 3 |
W 4 x 13 | 4.16 | 4.06 | 0.28 | 0.345 | 3.8 | 13 | 11.3 | 3.9 | 5.5 | 1.9 |
Nā hiʻohiʻona
ASTM
HANA KEMIIKA | |
ʻElemu | Pākēneka |
C | 0.23 |
Mn | 0.5 - 1.6 |
Si | 0.4 |
V | 0.15 |
Co | 0.05 |
P | 0.035 |
S | 0.045 |
IKE MEKANIKAL | ||
Imperial | Metric | |
ʻO ka ikaika ʻoi loa | 65,000psi | 448 MPa |
Hoʻoikaika i ka ikaika | 50,000psi | 345 MPa |
ʻO ka hui kemika a me nā waiwai mechanical i hāʻawi ʻia ma luna nei he mau hoʻohālikelike maʻamau. E ʻoluʻolu e kelepona i kā mākou luna kūʻai no ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi hōʻike hoʻāʻo waiwai.
W Beam SteelHe moʻolelo hoʻokele waiwai me ke ʻano ʻāpana keʻa e like me ka huaʻōlelo Latin nui h, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo nā kaola kila honua, nā kaola I-beam ākea a i ʻole nā launa I-beams like. ʻO ka ʻāpana o ke kila H-like ʻelua mau ʻāpana: pūnaewele a me ka flange, i kapa ʻia hoʻi ka pūhaka a me ka lihi. ʻO ka mānoanoa pūnaewele o ke kila H-mea ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā I-beam maʻamau me ke kiʻekiʻe pūnaewele like, a ʻoi aku ka laulā o ka flange ma mua o nā I-beam maʻamau me ke kiʻekiʻe pūnaewele like, no laila ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia ʻo nā flange I-beams ākea.

w kaola, ma muli o ko lākou kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me ke kumu kūʻai, ua lilo i mea kumu no nā hale kila hou a hoʻohana nui ʻia i:
Kūkulu: Nā mea kanu ʻoihana, nā papa hale kiʻekiʻe, a me nā wahi ākea nui (e like me nā mokulele a me nā kahua pāʻani);
Alahaka 'enekinia: ʻO nā kaola nui a me nā uwa no nā alahaka a me nā alahaka nui, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā hale kila nui;
Mea Hana Mīkini: Nā papa hana kaumaha, nā kaola crane track, keels moku, etc.;
Nā ʻoihana ikehu a me nā kemika: Nā paepae kila, nā hale kiaʻi, nā pier, a me nā mea hana ʻoihana ʻē aʻe.





1. He aha kāu mau kumukūʻai?
Hiki ke hoʻololi i kā mākou mau kumukūʻai ma muli o ka lako a me nā kumu mākeke ʻē aʻe. E hoʻouna mākou iā ʻoe i kahi papa inoa kūʻai hou ma hope o ka launa ʻana o kāu hui
iā mākou no ka ʻike hou aku.
2. Loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi helu kauoha liʻiliʻi?
ʻAe, koi mākou i nā kauoha honua āpau e hoʻomau i ka nui o nā kauoha liʻiliʻi. Inā ʻoe e ʻimi nei e kūʻai hou aku akā i nā mea liʻiliʻi loa, manaʻo mākou e nānā i kā mākou pūnaewele
3. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻolako i nā palapala pili?
ʻAe, hiki iā mākou ke hāʻawi i ka hapa nui o nā palapala me nā palapala hōʻoia o ka nānā ʻana / Conformance; Inikua; Origin, a me nā palapala hoʻoili ʻē aʻe inā pono.
4. He aha ka manawa alakaʻi maʻamau?
No nā laʻana, ʻo ka manawa alakaʻi ma kahi o 7 mau lā. No ka hana nui, ʻo ka manawa alakaʻi he 5-20 mau lā ma hope o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka uku waihona. Lilo ka manawa alakai i ka wa
(1) ua loaʻa iā mākou kāu waihona, a (2) loaʻa iā mākou kāu ʻae hope no kāu huahana. Inā ʻaʻole hana kā mākou mau manawa alakaʻi me kāu palena manawa, e ʻoluʻolu e hele i kāu mau koi me kāu kūʻai. Ma nā hihia a pau e ho'āʻo mākou e hoʻokō i kāu mau pono. I ka nui o nā hihia hiki iā mākou ke hana pēlā.
5. He aha nā ʻano uku uku āu e ʻae ai?
30% ma mua e T / T, 70% e ma mua o ka shippment kumu ma FOB; 30% ma mua e T/T, 70% e kūʻē i ke kope o BL kumu ma CIF.