ʻAno kila ASTM A913 | Kila H-Beam ikaika kiʻekiʻe no nā hale ʻoihana a me nā hale kalepa
ʻAno Hana o ke Kila Truss no ka Hale Modular ʻO ke kila truss kahi ʻano ʻōnaehana hana kahi i hoʻopili ʻia ai nā lālā kila ma ke ʻano o nā ʻāpana triangular ma kahi kaʻina kikoʻī e hana i kahi kiʻi paʻa e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e kākoʻo i nā ukana i kau ʻia. Hoʻonui ke ʻano triangular i ka ikaika a me ke kūpaʻa me ka liʻiliʻi o nā mea a kūpono no ka lōʻihi o ka lumi a me ka lumi ākea.
Nā Hiʻohiʻona Koʻikoʻi
ʻO ka lakio ikaika-a-kaumaha kiʻekiʻe -- ʻO ke ʻano o ka truss triangular e hiki ai ke hāpai i ka ukana ikaika me ka kila liʻiliʻi.
ʻĀkea Moakaka - Uhi i kahi ākea me ka ʻole o nā kolamu kūloko.
Hoʻolālā multi-purpose - Maikaʻi no nā hale kūʻai, nā hale hana, nā hale hana a no nā auditoriums a me nā hale haʻuki.
Hana mua ʻana a me ka ʻākoakoa wikiwiki - ʻOki mua ʻia nā ʻāpana kila a hana ʻia ma waho o ke kahua a hoʻopaʻa koke ʻia ma kahi.
Ke ola lōʻihi - Me ka hoʻopili kūpono ʻana o ka pale ʻana i ka pala (galvanizing, pena ʻana, a i ʻole ka uhi ʻana), e ola ke kila i nā makahiki he nui.
Nā ʻāpana
Luna Hoʻokiʻekiʻe: ʻO ka lālā pae kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ka lālā sloped o ka truss
ʻO ke Chord Lalo: Lālā pae lalo i ke kaumaha
Nā lālā pūnaewele: Nā mea diagonal a me nā mea kū pololei e haku ana i ka ʻāpana triangular
Nā Hoʻohui: Nā humuhumu i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a i hoʻopaʻa ʻia paha e hoʻohui i nā lālā
Ke kākoʻo ʻana (koho): Paʻa ʻaoʻao hou aʻe no nā laulā nui
Nā huahana kūkulu kila koʻikoʻi no ke kūkulu ʻana i nā hale hana
1. ʻO ke ʻano hana nui (hiki ke hoʻololi i nā koi seismic tropical)
| Mea | ʻAno kila ASTM A913 |
| Mea Hana | ASTM A913 Papa 50/60/65 (Kila kūkulu haʻahaʻa ikaika kiʻekiʻe) |
| Ka laulā o ka laulā | 15–60 m (49–197 kapuaʻi), hiki ke hoʻopilikino ʻia |
| Ke Kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻĀkau | 4–15 m (13–49 kapuaʻi), ma muli o nā pono o ka papahana |
| Kaupaku Pitch | 5°–30°, hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia no ke aniau a me ka hoʻokahe wai |
| Nā ʻĀpana Nui | Nā kolamu a me nā kaola H-beam (ASTM A913), nā lālā lua (C/Z purlins), ʻōnaehana hoʻopaʻa, nā pilina i hoʻopaʻa ʻia/welded ʻia |
| Nā Hana Koʻikoʻi | - Ikaika loa a me ka hiki ke hoʻouka |
| - Paʻakikī maikaʻi loa a me ka hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia | |
| - Hoʻemi ʻia ke kaumaha kila a me ke kumukūʻai kahua | |
| - Hana wikiwiki a me ke kau ʻana | |
| - Ola lōʻihi a me ke kūpaʻa | |
| Nā Pōmaikaʻi Kūkulu | - Ka ikaika hua kiʻekiʻe me ka ʻike haʻahaʻa o ka metala |
| - Kū'ē maikaʻi i ka seismic a me ka makani | |
| - Kūpono no nā papahana ākea nui a me nā ukana kaumaha | |
| Nā Hoʻohana Maʻamau | - ʻOihana: nā hale hana, nā hale hana, nā hale hana mana |
| - Logistics: nā hale kūʻai, nā kikowaena hāʻawi | |
| - Kalepa: nā hale kūʻai nui, nā hale hōʻikeʻike | |
| - Nā ʻōnaehana hana: nā kikowaena, nā hale lehulehu nui | |
| Nā Mākeke Hoʻokuʻu Aku | ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, ʻAmelika Waena a me Hema, Hikina Waena, ʻĀkia Hikina Hema, ʻApelika |
| Nā Kūlana a me ka Palapala Hōʻoia | ASTM A913, nā kūlana wili AWS, ʻōnaehana maikaʻi ISO, loaʻa ka nānā ʻana o nā ʻaoʻao ʻekolu |
| ʻAno Hana | Nā Mīkini Hana | Ka hana ʻana |
| ʻOki ʻana | Nā mīkini ʻoki plasma/ahi CNC, nā mīkini ʻokiʻoki | ʻO ka ʻoki ʻana i ka lapalapa plasma no nā papa kila/ʻāpana, ka ʻoki ʻana no nā papa kila lahilahi, me ka pololei o ke ana i kāohi ʻia. |
| Ke hoʻokumu nei | Mīkini kulou anu, mīkini paʻi, mīkini ʻōwili | Ke kulou anu (no nā purlin c/z), ke kulou ʻana (no nā ʻauwai/ʻoki lihi), ka ʻōwili ʻana (no nā kaola kākoʻo poepoe) |
| Kuʻihao | Mīkini kuʻihao arc i hoʻoluʻu ʻia, mea kuʻihao arc lima, mea kuʻihao pale kinoea CO₂ | Kuʻihao ʻākuhi i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia (nā kolamu Dutch / nā kaola H), kuʻihao lāʻau (nā papa gusset), kuʻihao pale kinoea CO² (nā mea pā lahilahi) |
| Hana ʻana i nā lua | Mīkini ʻeli CNC, mīkini kuʻi | CNC Boring (nā lua bolt i nā papa hoʻohui / nā ʻāpana), Punching (nā lua liʻiliʻi puʻupuʻu), Me nā lua i kāohi ʻia ke anawaena / nā hoʻomanawanui kūlana |
| Lapaʻau | Mīkini hoʻopāpā pana/one, wili, laina galvanizing wela-luʻu | Wehe ʻana i ka popo (pahū pana / pahū one), wili weld (deburr), galvanizing hot-dip (bolt/kākoʻo) |
| ʻAhaʻōlelo | Paepae ʻaha kūkā, nā mea ana | Ua wehewehe ʻia nā ʻāpana i hoʻākoakoa mua ʻia (kolamu + kaola + kumu) no ka hoʻouna ʻana ma hope o ka hōʻoia ʻana o ka nui. |
| 1. Hoʻāʻo pīpī paʻakai (hoʻāʻo palaho koʻikoʻi) | 2. Hoʻāʻo hoʻopili | 3. Hoʻāʻo kū'ē i ka makū a me ka wela |
| Nā kūlana ASTM B117 (pāpaʻakai kūlike) / ISO 11997-1 (pāpaʻakai cyclic), kūpono no ke kaiapuni paʻakai kiʻekiʻe o ke kahakai ʻo ʻAmelika Waena. | Hoʻāʻo cross-hatch me ka hoʻohana ʻana iā ASTM D3359 (cross-hatch/grid-grid, e hoʻoholo i ka pae ʻili ʻana); hoʻāʻo huki ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana iā ASTM D4541 (e ana i ka ikaika ʻili ma waena o ka uhi ʻana a me ke kila kila). | Nā Kūlana ASTM D2247 (40℃/95% haʻahaʻa, e pale aku i ka pehu ʻana a me ka nahā ʻana o ka uhi i nā kau ua). |
| 4. Hoʻāʻo ʻelemakule UV | 5. Hoʻāʻo mānoanoa o ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni | 6. Hoʻāʻo ikaika hopena |
| Nā Kūlana ASTM G154 (e hoʻohālike i ka hōʻike UV ikaika i nā ululāʻau ua, e pale aku i ka mae ʻana a me ka pena ʻana o ka uhi). | ʻO ka ʻili maloʻo e hoʻohana ana iā ASTM D7091 (ka ana o ka mānoanoa magnetic); ʻo ka ʻili pulu e hoʻohana ana iā ASTM D1212 (e hōʻoia i ka kūpaʻa ʻana o ka pohō e kūlike me ka mānoanoa i kuhikuhi ʻia). | Nā kūlana ASTM D2794 (ka hopena hāʻule hāʻule, e pale aku i ka pōʻino i ka wā e halihali ʻia ai/hoʻokomo ʻia ai). |
1. Lālā ma waho a me ke kākoʻo ʻōlelo Paniolo
Loaʻa iā mākou nā keʻena haole me nā limahana ʻōlelo Sepania a hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo i 2 mau ʻōlelo me kā mākou mea kūʻai aku mai Latin America a me ʻEulopa.
Hoʻomaʻalahi kā mākou hui i nā koi hoʻokuʻu dute, nā palapala, a me nā koi hoʻokuʻu aku i mea e maʻalahi ai ka lawe ʻana i ka manawa kūpono a me ka wikiwiki o ke kaʻina hana lawe mai.
2. Mākaukau no ka hoʻouna wikiwiki ʻana
Mālama mākou i nā waihona mea maka o ke kila ʻōwili wela maʻamau e like me ke kaola H, ke kaola I a me nā ʻāpana kūkulu kila.
ʻO ke ʻano kēia o ka manawa alakaʻi wikiwiki i hiki i nā mea kūʻai ke loaʻa i kahi huahana hiki iā lākou ke hilinaʻi, me ka wikiwiki, no kēlā mau hana ulia pōpilikia.
3. Pūʻolo ʻoihana
Hoʻopiha ʻia nā huahana āpau me ka ʻōpala maʻamau e hiki ai ke lawe ʻia mai ke kai (ʻōwili kila, ʻōwili wai ʻole, pale ʻaoʻao).
E hōʻoiaʻiʻo kēia a hōʻoia i ka hoʻouka palekana, ʻaʻohe neʻe ʻana i ka wā o ka lawe ʻana i kahi mamao a ʻaʻohe pōʻino ke hōʻea i ke awa huakaʻi.
4. Hoʻouna a me ka lawe ʻana me ka maikaʻi
Hana mākou me nā mea hoʻouna aupuni hilinaʻi a hiki ke hāʻawi i nā huaʻōlelo hoʻouna maʻalahi: FOB, CIF, DDP.
ma ke kai, kaʻaahi, ke alanui, ke hoʻohiki nei mākou iā ʻoe e hoʻouna i ka manawa kūpono a me ka lawelawe hoʻopaʻa logistic kūpono.
Ka mālama ʻana ma ka ʻiliʻO ka uhi ʻana o ka zinc Epoxy, Galvanized (ʻo ka mānoanoa o ka papa galvanized wela ≥85μm ke ola lawelawe hiki i 15-20 mau makahiki), ʻeleʻele i ʻaila ʻia, a pēlā aku.
ʻEleʻele i ʻaila ʻia
Galvanized
Uhi Waiwai i ka Zinc Epoxy
Pūʻolo：
Ua pale maikaʻi ʻia nā huahana i loko o ka ʻōpala e mālama i ko lākou ʻili a me ke ʻano i ka wā e lawelawe ai. Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia nā ʻāpana me nā mea pale wai e like me ka ʻili plastik a i ʻole ka pepa pale ʻōpala a ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā mea liʻiliʻi me ka pahu lāʻau. Eia kekahi, ua hōʻailona maopopo ʻia nā kaula/ʻāpana āpau e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokuʻu palekana a me ke kau ʻoihana ma kahi.
Ka halihali:
Hiki ke hoʻouna ʻia nā hale kila ma o ka ipu a i ʻole ka mea lawe nui e like me ka nui a me ka wahi e hele ai. Hoʻopaʻa paʻa ʻia nā mea nui a kaumaha paha e nā kaula kila me nā ʻāpana lāʻau ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua no ka pale pālua i ka wā o ka lawe ʻana. Hana ʻia nā kaʻina hana āpau ma ka logistics e like me ke kūlana halihali honua, ʻoiai ke kaʻahele lōʻihi a me nā ʻāina ʻē, e hōʻoia i ka lawe ʻia ʻana o nā huahana i ka manawa kūpono a me ka palekana.
1. He aha nā māka i loaʻa no ASTM A913?
ʻO nā māka maʻamau:
Papa ASTM A913 50
Papa ASTM A913 60
Papa ASTM A913 65
ʻO ke ʻano o nā māka kiʻekiʻe he ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ka hiki ke lawe i nā ukana.
2. He aha nā pono nui o ka hoʻolālā kila ASTM A913?
Ikaika kiʻekiʻe me ke kaumaha kila i hoʻemi ʻia
ʻO ka ductility maikaʻi a me ka hana seismic
ʻO ka weldability maikaʻi loa me ka ʻole o ka hoʻomehana mua ʻana i ka hapa nui o nā hihia
Nā waiwai mechanical paʻa
ʻO ke kumu hoʻokumu haʻahaʻa a me ke kumukūʻai halihali ma muli o ke ʻano māmā
3. Ma hea kahi e hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ai ke ʻano kila ASTM A913?
Nā hale ʻoihana: nā hale hana, nā hale hana, nā mea kanu
Nā hale kūʻai a me nā kikowaena logistics
Nā hale kalepa a me nā hale hōʻikeʻike
Nā papahana ʻōnaehana a me nā pono lehulehu
Nā hale kila nui a me nā hale kiʻekiʻe
4. He kūpono anei ʻo ASTM A913 no nā ʻāpana seismic?
ʻAe. He paʻakikī a me ka ductility maikaʻi ko ASTM A913, e kūpono ai no nā hale kila e kū i ka ōlaʻi, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma nā wahi seismic e like me ʻAmelika Waena, ʻAmelika Hema, a me nā ʻāpana o ʻAsia.
5. Pehea e hoʻohālikelike ai ʻo ASTM A913 me ASTM A992?
ʻOi aku ka ikaika o ka ASTM A913 a ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī ma mua o ASTM A992. Hāʻawi ia i nā ʻāpana māmā no ka ukana like, e hōʻemi ana i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kila me ka mālama ʻana i ka palekana o ke kūkulu ʻana.
6. Hiki ke hoʻopili maʻalahi ʻia ʻo ASTM A913?
ʻAe. He haʻahaʻa ke kalapona o ASTM A913, kahi e hāʻawi ai iā ia i ka hiki ke hoʻopili maikaʻi ʻia. I ka hapa nui o nā hihia, ʻaʻole pono ka hoʻomehana mua ʻana, a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā kaʻina hana hoʻopili maʻamau AWS.
7. He aha nā hana ʻili i loaʻa?
E kūʻai i ka pena primer
ʻŌnaehana uhi Epoxy a i ʻole PU
Hoʻoheheʻe wela
Uhi anti-corrosion multi-layer no nā wahi kai a i ʻole nā wahi wela
8. Hiki ke hoʻopilikino ʻia ke ʻano kila ASTM A913?
ʻAe. Hiki ke hoʻopilikino ʻia ke kiʻekiʻe, ke kiʻekiʻe, ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana, ka hoʻolālā ukana, ka uhi ʻana, a me nā ʻano hoʻohui e pili ana i nā kiʻi papahana a me nā code hoʻolālā kūloko.
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