ʻO ke ʻano hana hoʻonohonoho kila kila ASTM A992 no nā hale hana a me nā hale kūʻai
ʻAno Hana o ke Kila Truss no ka Hale Modular ʻO ke kila truss kahi ʻano ʻōnaehana hana kahi i hoʻopili ʻia ai nā lālā kila ma ke ʻano o nā ʻāpana triangular ma kahi kaʻina kikoʻī e hana i kahi kiʻi paʻa e hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia e kākoʻo i nā ukana i kau ʻia. Hoʻonui ke ʻano triangular i ka ikaika a me ke kūpaʻa me ka liʻiliʻi o nā mea a kūpono no ka lōʻihi o ka lumi a me ka lumi ākea.
Nā Hiʻohiʻona Koʻikoʻi
ʻO ka lakio ikaika-a-kaumaha kiʻekiʻe -- ʻO ke ʻano o ka truss triangular e hiki ai ke hāpai i ka ukana ikaika me ka kila liʻiliʻi.
ʻĀkea Moakaka - Uhi i kahi ākea me ka ʻole o nā kolamu kūloko.
Hoʻolālā multi-purpose - Maikaʻi no nā hale kūʻai, nā hale hana, nā hale hana a no nā auditoriums a me nā hale haʻuki.
Hana mua ʻana a me ka ʻākoakoa wikiwiki - ʻOki mua ʻia nā ʻāpana kila a hana ʻia ma waho o ke kahua a hoʻopaʻa koke ʻia ma kahi.
Ke ola lōʻihi - Me ka hoʻopili kūpono ʻana o ka pale ʻana i ka pala (galvanizing, pena ʻana, a i ʻole ka uhi ʻana), e ola ke kila i nā makahiki he nui.
Nā ʻāpana
Luna Hoʻokiʻekiʻe: ʻO ka lālā pae kiʻekiʻe a i ʻole ka lālā sloped o ka truss
ʻO ke Chord Lalo: Lālā pae lalo i ke kaumaha
Nā lālā pūnaewele: Nā mea diagonal a me nā mea kū pololei e haku ana i ka ʻāpana triangular
Nā Hoʻohui: Nā humuhumu i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a i hoʻopaʻa ʻia paha e hoʻohui i nā lālā
Ke kākoʻo ʻana (koho): Paʻa ʻaoʻao hou aʻe no nā laulā nui
Nā huahana kūkulu kila koʻikoʻi no ke kūkulu ʻana i nā hale hana
1. ʻO ke ʻano hana nui (hiki ke hoʻololi i nā koi seismic tropical)
| Mea Hana | ASTM A572 Papa 42 / 50 / 55 / 60 (Nā lālā nui), ASTM A500 / A1085 (Nā lālā pūnaewele/lua) |
| Ka laulā o ka laulā | 10–60 m (33–197 kapuaʻi), hiki ke hoʻopilikino ʻia |
| Ke Kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻĀkau | 4–15 m (13–50 kapuaʻi), ma muli o nā koi o ka papahana |
| Kaupaku Pitch | 5°–30°, hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia e like me nā pono hoʻokahe wai |
| Nā ʻĀpana Nui | ʻO ke kaula luna (kila W/H), ʻO ke kaula lalo (kila W/H), nā lālā pūnaewele (paipu huinahā/ʻālikelike, kila kihi), nā pilina (hoʻopaʻa ʻia/hoʻopaʻa ʻia), nā purlins & nā kāʻei (ʻaoʻao C/Z) |
| Nā Hana Koʻikoʻi | - Kākoʻo ākea ākea ākea |
| - Laki ikaika-i-ke kaumaha kiʻekiʻe | |
| - Hoʻomākaukau mua a me ka ʻākoakoa wikiwiki | |
| - Paʻa a me ke kūpaʻa o ka hale | |
| - Hoʻolālā maʻalahi no nā hale hoʻokahi/maha-ʻāpana a me nā hale papa he nui | |
| Nā Hoʻohana Maʻamau ma ʻAmelika Waena | - ʻOihana: nā hale hana, nā hale hana, nā hale kūʻai |
| - Mahiʻai: nā hale mālama, nā hale papaʻa, nā hale mahiʻai | |
| - Kalepa: nā hale kūʻai nui, nā kikowaena logistics, nā hale hōʻikeʻike | |
| - Kūikawā: nā hale haʻuki, nā hale mokulele, nā hale lehulehu |
| ʻAno Hana | Nā Mīkini Hana | Ka hana ʻana |
| ʻOki ʻana | Nā mīkini ʻoki plasma/ahi CNC, nā mīkini ʻokiʻoki | ʻO ka ʻoki ʻana i ka lapalapa plasma no nā papa kila/ʻāpana, ka ʻoki ʻana no nā papa kila lahilahi, me ka pololei o ke ana i kāohi ʻia. |
| Ke hoʻokumu nei | Mīkini kulou anu, mīkini paʻi, mīkini ʻōwili | Ke kulou anu (no nā purlin c/z), ke kulou ʻana (no nā ʻauwai/ʻoki lihi), ka ʻōwili ʻana (no nā kaola kākoʻo poepoe) |
| Kuʻihao | Mīkini kuʻihao arc i hoʻoluʻu ʻia, mea kuʻihao arc lima, mea kuʻihao pale kinoea CO₂ | Kuʻihao ʻākuhi i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia (nā kolamu Dutch / nā kaola H), kuʻihao lāʻau (nā papa gusset), kuʻihao pale kinoea CO² (nā mea pā lahilahi) |
| Hana ʻana i nā lua | Mīkini ʻeli CNC, mīkini kuʻi | CNC Boring (nā lua bolt i nā papa hoʻohui / nā ʻāpana), Punching (nā lua liʻiliʻi puʻupuʻu), Me nā lua i kāohi ʻia ke anawaena / nā hoʻomanawanui kūlana |
| Lapaʻau | Mīkini hoʻopāpā pana/one, wili, laina galvanizing wela-luʻu | Wehe ʻana i ka popo (pahū pana / pahū one), wili weld (deburr), galvanizing hot-dip (bolt/kākoʻo) |
| ʻAhaʻōlelo | Paepae ʻaha kūkā, nā mea ana | Ua wehewehe ʻia nā ʻāpana i hoʻākoakoa mua ʻia (kolamu + kaola + kumu) no ka hoʻouna ʻana ma hope o ka hōʻoia ʻana o ka nui. |
| 1. Hoʻāʻo pīpī paʻakai (hoʻāʻo palaho koʻikoʻi) | 2. Hoʻāʻo hoʻopili | 3. Hoʻāʻo kū'ē i ka makū a me ka wela |
| Nā kūlana ASTM B117 (pāpaʻakai kūlike) / ISO 11997-1 (pāpaʻakai cyclic), kūpono no ke kaiapuni paʻakai kiʻekiʻe o ke kahakai ʻo ʻAmelika Waena. | Hoʻāʻo cross-hatch me ka hoʻohana ʻana iā ASTM D3359 (cross-hatch/grid-grid, e hoʻoholo i ka pae ʻili ʻana); hoʻāʻo huki ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana iā ASTM D4541 (e ana i ka ikaika ʻili ma waena o ka uhi ʻana a me ke kila kila). | Nā Kūlana ASTM D2247 (40℃/95% haʻahaʻa, e pale aku i ka pehu ʻana a me ka nahā ʻana o ka uhi i nā kau ua). |
| 4. Hoʻāʻo ʻelemakule UV | 5. Hoʻāʻo mānoanoa o ka kiʻiʻoniʻoni | 6. Hoʻāʻo ikaika hopena |
| Nā Kūlana ASTM G154 (e hoʻohālike i ka hōʻike UV ikaika i nā ululāʻau ua, e pale aku i ka mae ʻana a me ka pena ʻana o ka uhi). | ʻO ka ʻili maloʻo e hoʻohana ana iā ASTM D7091 (ka ana o ka mānoanoa magnetic); ʻo ka ʻili pulu e hoʻohana ana iā ASTM D1212 (e hōʻoia i ka kūpaʻa ʻana o ka pohō e kūlike me ka mānoanoa i kuhikuhi ʻia). | Nā kūlana ASTM D2794 (ka hopena hāʻule hāʻule, e pale aku i ka pōʻino i ka wā e halihali ʻia ai/hoʻokomo ʻia ai). |
1. Lālā ma waho a me ke kākoʻo ʻōlelo Paniolo
Loaʻa iā mākou nā keʻena haole me nā limahana ʻōlelo Sepania a hiki iā mākou ke ʻōlelo i 2 mau ʻōlelo me kā mākou mea kūʻai aku mai Latin America a me ʻEulopa.
Hoʻomaʻalahi kā mākou hui i nā koi hoʻokuʻu dute, nā palapala, a me nā koi hoʻokuʻu aku i mea e maʻalahi ai ka lawe ʻana i ka manawa kūpono a me ka wikiwiki o ke kaʻina hana lawe mai.
2. Mākaukau no ka hoʻouna wikiwiki ʻana
Mālama mākou i nā waihona mea maka o ke kila ʻōwili wela maʻamau e like me ke kaola H, ke kaola I a me nā ʻāpana kūkulu kila.
ʻO ke ʻano kēia o ka manawa alakaʻi wikiwiki i hiki i nā mea kūʻai ke loaʻa i kahi huahana hiki iā lākou ke hilinaʻi, me ka wikiwiki, no kēlā mau hana ulia pōpilikia.
3. Pūʻolo ʻoihana
Hoʻopiha ʻia nā huahana āpau me ka ʻōpala maʻamau e hiki ai ke lawe ʻia mai ke kai (ʻōwili kila, ʻōwili wai ʻole, pale ʻaoʻao).
E hōʻoiaʻiʻo kēia a hōʻoia i ka hoʻouka palekana, ʻaʻohe neʻe ʻana i ka wā o ka lawe ʻana i kahi mamao a ʻaʻohe pōʻino ke hōʻea i ke awa huakaʻi.
4. Hoʻouna a me ka lawe ʻana me ka maikaʻi
Hana mākou me nā mea hoʻouna aupuni hilinaʻi a hiki ke hāʻawi i nā huaʻōlelo hoʻouna maʻalahi: FOB, CIF, DDP.
ma ke kai, kaʻaahi, ke alanui, ke hoʻohiki nei mākou iā ʻoe e hoʻouna i ka manawa kūpono a me ka lawelawe hoʻopaʻa logistic kūpono.
Ka mālama ʻana ma ka ʻiliʻO ka uhi ʻana o ka zinc Epoxy, Galvanized (ʻo ka mānoanoa o ka papa galvanized wela ≥85μm ke ola lawelawe hiki i 15-20 mau makahiki), ʻeleʻele i ʻaila ʻia, a pēlā aku.
ʻEleʻele i ʻaila ʻia
Galvanized
Uhi Waiwai i ka Zinc Epoxy
Pūʻolo：
Ua pale maikaʻi ʻia nā huahana i loko o ka ʻōpala e mālama i ko lākou ʻili a me ke ʻano i ka wā e lawelawe ai. Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia nā ʻāpana me nā mea pale wai e like me ka ʻili plastik a i ʻole ka pepa pale ʻōpala a ua hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā mea liʻiliʻi me ka pahu lāʻau. Eia kekahi, ua hōʻailona maopopo ʻia nā kaula/ʻāpana āpau e hōʻoia i ka hoʻokuʻu palekana a me ke kau ʻoihana ma kahi.
Ka halihali:
Hiki ke hoʻouna ʻia nā hale kila ma o ka ipu a i ʻole ka mea lawe nui e like me ka nui a me ka wahi e hele ai. Hoʻopaʻa paʻa ʻia nā mea nui a kaumaha paha e nā kaula kila me nā ʻāpana lāʻau ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua no ka pale pālua i ka wā o ka lawe ʻana. Hana ʻia nā kaʻina hana āpau ma ka logistics e like me ke kūlana halihali honua, ʻoiai ke kaʻahele lōʻihi a me nā ʻāina ʻē, e hōʻoia i ka lawe ʻia ʻana o nā huahana i ka manawa kūpono a me ka palekana.
Q1: He aha ke kila ASTM A992?
A: ʻO ASTM A992 nā waiwai like me ka ikaika haʻahaʻa loa o 50 ksi a me ka ikaika tensile haʻahaʻa loa o 65 ksi A572 grade 50 kila, akā ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka hana ʻana no ka mea aia i loko o lākou kahi pae kiʻekiʻe o ka silicon a ua ʻike mākou i kekahi mau pilikia i ka hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia. ʻO kona hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia, ka paʻakikī, a me nā waiwai mechanical like e lilo ia i koho maikaʻi no nā hale kila kalepa a me nā ʻoihana.
Q2: No ke aha i koho ʻia ai ʻo ASTM A992 no ke kūkulu ʻana i nā mōlina truss?
A: Hāʻawi ka hua ASTM A992 i ka lakio ikaika-a-kaumaha nui loa, e hopena ana i nā mōlina truss i ikaika, paʻa a me ka pono o ke kila. Ua ʻōlelo ʻo Padayatty hiki ke hoʻokō ʻia nā laulā maopopo a me nā kūpaʻa kiʻekiʻe ma nā hale hana, nā hale kūʻai a me nā hale ākea.
Q3: He aha nā noi maʻamau?
A: Nā Hale Hana ʻOihana a me nā Hale Hana
Nā Hale Kūʻai a me nā Kikowaena Hoʻolaha
Nā Hale Huaʻai, Nā ʻŌpala a me nā Hale Mahiʻai ʻē aʻe (hale, hale papaʻa)
Nā hale kalepa me ka laulā nui (Nā Hale Haʻuki, nā kikowaena hōʻikeʻike) Nā hale mahiʻai me ka laulā nui
Q4: He aha ke ʻano maʻamau o ka laulā a me ke kiʻekiʻe?
A: Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke manaʻo i nā trusses kila ASTM A992 me ka hiki ke ākea o 10 - 60 Mika (33-197 Kapuaʻi) a me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka eave mai 4 - 15 Mika (13-50 Kapuaʻi). hiki ke hoʻopilikino ʻia nā hoʻolālā e like me ke koi o ka papahana.
Q5: Hiki ke hoʻopilikino ʻia nā trusses?
A: ʻAe. Hiki ke hoʻopilikino ʻia nā kolamu a me nā kaula a me nā lālā pūnaewele no ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hale a me ke kākoʻo e kūpono i ka ʻae ʻana o ke ʻano a me ka makemake ʻike maka.
Q6: Pehea ʻoe e hana ai i ka pale ʻana i ka pala?
A: Hoʻopili ʻia nā hana maʻamau e like me ke galvanizing hot-dip, ka uhi ʻana o ka epoxy a i ʻole nā ʻōnaehana pena no ka palekana lōʻihi, ʻoiai hoʻi i nā lewa pulu a i ʻole ke kai.
Q7: Pehea e hoʻokomo ʻia ai?
A: Hana ʻia nā ʻāpana truss ma waho o ka pūnaewele, hāʻawi ʻia i ke kahua a hōʻuluʻulu ʻia me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā pilina i hoʻopaʻa ʻia a i ʻole i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. Nā purlins, ka uhi ʻana o ka hale/paia a me nā girts
Q8: He aha nā pono o ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā trusses kila ASTM A992?
A: Ikaika a me ke ola lōʻihi
Hoʻohana mea waiwai kūpono me ke kaumaha kila liʻiliʻi
Nā ʻāpana ākea nui a moakāka me ka ʻole o nā kolamu o loko
Ke kūkulu wikiwiki ʻana a me ka hoʻākoakoa ʻana
Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no nā ʻano hale like ʻole a me nā hoʻohana ʻoihana
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